There is only very few of those, CnW recovery and JPEG Recovery LAB are the ones I know of. Those use a combination of techniques: signature based scanning combined with file validation, entropy scanning and whatnot. And this brings us to a 3rd group of tools which do advanced carving. Major drawback of both methods, in relation to FAT is that fragmented files are very hard to recover in one piece. However they can only recover files they have a signature for. They potentially recover more files as they can even recover for example referenced in the file system (even as deleted). The well know PhotoRec is an example, but there are also many commercial tools using this technique. Rather than relying on file system structures (mostly FAT based on flash / memory cards) they scan for so called magic bytes or signatures to locate files. They simply ignore or filter out any non media (photo, video, audio etc.) type files.Ī second category is the so called 'carvers'. Many memory card, flash drive, photo recovery programs are trimmed down versions of 'full' featured file recovery and undelete.
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